On the losing side at the end of the Cold War, Russia had to redefine its place on a geostrategic map and its objectives within its own sphere of influence. Christian Thorun undertook the challenging task of systematising this process as Russia was seeking its new 21st century identity. In a changing political and economic climate, re-establishing national security’s principles was not an immediate process and, as the title may suggest, different ideas played their role in shaping Russia’s foreign policy thinking.